Icterus (jaundice)

Icterus (also known as jaundice) is a yellow colouring of the gums and tissues caused by a greater bilirubin concentration, a bile pigment produced by the natural breakdown of haemoglobin in red blood cells.

Haemoglobin is a protein found in red blood cells that is responsible for transporting oxygen to tissues.

When red blood cells are destroyed at a higher pace, an excess of bilirubin accumulates in the tissues, which cannot be removed at normal rates.

Symptoms of Icterus include vomiting, diarrhoea and fever.

Treatment is much individualized and is mostly determined by the underlying cause.

Cats with severe or advanced disease may require hospitalization for early intensive care and therapy.

A nutritionally balanced diet is prescribed based on daily energy needs and illness conditions.

Vitamin supplementation is also advised for patients who are afflicted.

Some instances, such as bile tract obstruction, may necessitate surgery, and a blood transfusion may be required if severe anaemia is present.